quinine - определение. Что такое quinine
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Что (кто) такое quinine - определение

CHEMICAL COMPOUND
Quinine powder; Quinnine; Bromo Quinine; Bromo quinine; ATC code P01BC01; Qualaquin; Aflukin; Chinin; Chinine; Coco-Quinine; Kinine; Legatrin; Quinologist; Quinine Sulfate; Quinine bisulfate heptahydrate; Quinine bisulfate; Quinbisul
  • Quinine biosynthesis
  • fluoresce]] under black light.

quinine         
n.
See quina
Quinine         
·noun An alkaloid extracted from the bark of several species of cinchona (·esp. Cinchona Calisaya) as a bitter white crystalline substance, C20H24N2O2. Hence, by extension (Med.), any of the salts of this alkaloid, as the acetate, chloride, sulphate, ·etc., employed as a febrifuge or antiperiodic. Called also quinia, quinina, ·etc.
quinine         
['kw?ni:n, kw?'ni:n]
¦ noun a bitter crystalline compound present in cinchona bark, used as a tonic and formerly as an antimalarial drug.
Origin
C19: from Sp. quina 'cinchona bark' (from Quechua kina 'bark') + -ine4.

Википедия

Quinine

Quinine is a medication used to treat malaria and babesiosis. This includes the treatment of malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum that is resistant to chloroquine when artesunate is not available. While sometimes used for nocturnal leg cramps, quinine is not recommended for this purpose due to the risk of serious side effects. It can be taken by mouth or intravenously. Malaria resistance to quinine occurs in certain areas of the world. Quinine is also used as an ingredient in tonic water to impart a bitter taste.

Common side effects include headache, ringing in the ears, vision issues, and sweating. More severe side effects include deafness, low blood platelets, and an irregular heartbeat. Use can make one more prone to sunburn. While it is unclear if use during pregnancy causes harm to the baby, treating malaria during pregnancy with quinine when appropriate is still recommended. Quinine is an alkaloid, a naturally occurring chemical compound. How it works as a medicine is not entirely clear.

Quinine was first isolated in 1820 from the bark of a cinchona tree, which is native to Peru, and its molecular formula was determined by Strecker in 1854. The class of chemical compounds to which it belongs is thus called the cinchona alkaloids. Bark extracts had been used to treat malaria since at least 1632 and it was introduced to Spain as early as 1636 by Jesuit missionaries returning from the New World. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Treatment of malaria with quinine marks the first known use of a chemical compound to treat an infectious disease.

Примеры употребления для quinine
1. It‘s been the quinine helping investors get over the malaria that attacked their portfolios.
2. Tonic water contains naturally occurring quinine (the ingredient that gives it its bitter taste), which prevents the muscles going into spasm and causing the pain of cramp.
3. The doctor had prescribed treatment for malaria (Quinine Sulfate, Paracetamol tablets and glucose drip) which they bought for 150 Afs at a pharmacy at Karta–i–Naw, Kabul.
4. The issue of unapproved drugs has been before the FDA for years, and it had earlier focused on an anti–malaria drug, quinine sulfate.
5. The homeopaths also recommended China officinalis or China sulph, which is made from tree bark which contains quinine, and Natrum Mur – or salt tablets.